Textile industry effluent quality varies depending upon the process and technologies employed and the type and form of textile product which might include synthetic/ cotton or blended, fiber or yarn, kitted or woven, sewing threads or embroidery, or Industrial fabrics like tarpaulin or tire cord. Textile industries convert fibres into yarn, transform the yarn into fabrics or related products, and dye and finish the materials at various stages of production. Depending on the nature of fibre and processing steps, water consumption for chemical processing in textile industries is in the range of 50 to 300 L per kg of fibre. Since different products require processes like, kiering, scouring, bleaching, carbonizing, dyeing, printing, sizing etc., the effluent quality greatly varies thus requires skillful combination of various unit operations in the Effluent Treatment Plant.
Textile industry wastewater generated at various processing stages
Fiber preparation
Little or no wastewater generated
Yarn spinning
Little or no wastewater generated
Slashing/sizing
BOD, COD, metals, cleaning waste, size.
Weaving, knitting, tufting
Little or no wastewater generated
Desizing
BOD from water-soluble sizes, synthetic size, lubricants, biocides, anti-static compounds
Scouring
Disinfectants and insecticide residues, NaOH, detergents, fats, oils, pectin, wax, knitting lubricants, spin finishes, spent solvents.
Bleaching
Hydrogen peroxide, sodium silicate or organic stabilizer; high pH
Singeing
Little or no wastewater generated
Mercerizing
High pH, NaOH
Heatsetting
Little or no wastewater generated
Dyeing
Metals, salts, surfactants, toxic materials, organic processing assistants, cationic materials, colour, BOD, COD, sulphides, acidity/alkalinity, spent solvents.
Printing
Suspended solids, urea, solvents, colour, metals, heat, BOD, foam
Finishing
BOD, COD, suspended solids, toxic materials, spent solvents.
Product Fabrication
Little or no wastewater generated
Team Effwa has experience of having installed over 1000 Effluent Treatment Plants for Textile Processing Industries globally including those with Zero Discharge. The processes employed included Physico-chemical + Biological or only Biological with advanced treatment with Ultrafiltration (UF) and Reverse Osmosis (RO) for recovery of water.
Need an Effluent Treatment Plant for your Textile Industry?
Team Effwa relentlessly works towards solution formulation for various complex environmental issues of the 21st century. Effwa is an engineering powerhouse dedicated to making earth a little beautiful every day by providing the highest quality of environmental services to industries and municipal authorities worldwide.
